Roosters and Cats: Symbols of Immorality and Political Dispute in Anti-Santa Anna Caricature, 1845

Abstract

This article analyzes some satirical printed images distributed in Mexico around 1845, during a period of instability. Using animal figures, these images instigated public indignation toward certain aspects of Antonio López de Santa Anna’s personal and political conduct, in order to prevent him from regaining power. The objective of the study is, first, to observe how widely reproduced cartoons reinforced a campaign in which the new liberal government’s image of morality was opposed to what was publicized as the caudillo’s dishonest behavior. Second, it examines how satirical graphics fed on the emblematic and iconographic tradition, the visual culture of romanticism, topics of high culture, popular culture, and pamphlet literature, thus building bridges with European culture, while creating local repertoires.